World Cancer Day 2023: It is celebrated on February 4 every year and this year the theme is “I am and I will”. The campaign shows that our actions have an impact on people around us, in our neighbourhoods, communities and cities. This year is a reminder of the enduring power of collaboration and collective action, that together, our every action matters.
कैंसर का इलाज . You know #WorldCancerDay #SwasthaBharat#beatNCD pic.twitter.com/mZLuKdSEkb
– Ministry of Health (@MoHFW_INDIA)
February 4, 2023
What is blood cancer?
This is a type of cancer that affects blood cells and affects their production and function.
This type of cancer starts in the bone marrow, the main source of blood production.
It occurs when abnormal blood cells begin to grow out of control and disrupt the function of normal blood cells that fight infection and create new blood cells.
World Cancer Day 2023: Current Topics, History and Key Events
Blood cancer: Types
Mainly, there are three types of blood cancer: leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma.
Leukemia
This is a blood cancer that originates in the blood and bone marrow. It is caused by the rapid production of abnormal white blood cells and interference with the bone marrow’s ability to produce red blood cells and platelets. This abnormally high number of white blood cells is not able to fight infection.
Lymphoma
This type of leukemia affects the lymphatic system, which removes excess fluid from the body and produces immune cells. As we know, lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that has the function of fighting infection. As a result, abnormal lymphocytes become lymphoma cells that multiply and accumulate in lymph nodes and other tissues. And over time, these cancer cells weaken the body’s immune system.
myeloma
This is a type of blood cancer that starts in plasma cells, a type of white blood cell made in the bone marrow. Plasma cells are white blood cells that produce antibodies to fight infections and diseases in the body. Therefore, myeloma cells prevent normal antibody production, making the immune system weak and susceptible to infection.
Blood cancer: Symptoms
Loss of appetite, nausea
Fever, chills
Night sweats
Persistent fatigue, weakness
Unexplained weight loss
Osteoarthritis pain
Short of breath
Abdominal discomfort
Frequent infections
Itchy skin or skin rash
Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, armpit or groin
Delirium and confusion
Less urination and difficulty urinating
What is ‘High Grade’ Metastatic Cancer?
Blood cancer: Treatment
Depending on the type of cancer, treatment depends on how quickly the cancer progresses, where the cancer has spread, and other factors. Some common treatments for leukemia are:
Chemotherapy: In this method, anti-cancer drugs are given to the patient to intervene and stop the growth of cancer cells in the body. In leukemia, in chemotherapy treatment, sometimes multiple drugs are used together according to a certain regimen. This treatment can also be done before a stem cell transplant.
Radiation therapy: In this cancer treatment, high-energy rays are used to destroy cancer cells. It can also be injected before a stem cell transplant.
Stem cell transplant: In this treatment, healthy stem cells are infused into the patient’s body to help continue healthy blood production after therapy to destroy malignant blood cells. Stem cells can be collected from bone marrow, circulating blood, and umbilical cord blood.
Leukemia in India
In India, each year more than 20,000 new cases of childhood leukemia are diagnosed, of which nearly 15,000 of them are leukemia according to Globocan 2020.
The most common type of blood cancer is leukemia, which affects children and adolescents (0-19 years old) and is one of the leading causes of death.
According to some studies, India ranks third in the number of reported leukemia cases after the US and China. Some of the factors responsible are low access to affordable healthcare in rural areas, lack of awareness and education about Blood Cancer, etc.
So, now you probably know about leukemia, its types, symptoms, treatments, etc.
GK questions and answers about types of cancer
Categories: Optical Illusion
Source: pagasa.edu.vn