KM Cariappa Jayanti 2023: January 28 in Indian and World History is celebrated, observed and remembered for various reasons, and one of them is the birth anniversary of Kodandera Madappa Cariappa. He was the first Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army.
Today we welcome Field Marshal KM Cariappa, the first Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army.
A popular early national hero, he played a key role in the transition of the Indian army from a colonial India to independent India, and his legacy continues honored. pic.twitter.com/LCXgTlPb0h
— Congress (@INCIndia)
May 15, 2023
In memory of Field Marshal KM Cariappa, OBE
– First Indian Commander-in-Chief.
-First Indian officer to attend the course at the Staff College.
-First Indian officer commanding a battalion.
-One of only two Indian Army officers to hold the rank of Five Star Field Marshal. A legend… pic.twitter.com/2Nl5w9Ilp
— ADG PI – INDIAN ARMY (@adgpi)
May 15, 2023
Who is KM Cariappa?
Cariappa was born on January 28, 1899, in Shanivarsanthe, Coorg province (present-day Kodagu district), into a farming family belonging to the Kodava clan. His father, Madappa, worked in the revenue department. Cariappa is the second child in a family of four boys and two girls.
He was called “Chimma” by his relatives. After completing his schooling at Central High School in Madikeri in 1917, he studied at Presidency College, Chennai, to pursue his higher education. During college, he learned that Indians were being recruited into the Army and that they would be trained in India. Because he wanted to serve as a soldier, he signed up for the training. Out of 70 applicants, Cariappa was one of the 42 who were finally admitted to Daly Cadet College, Indore. He scored well in all aspects of his training and graduated seventh in his class.
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Military career
His distinguished military career spanned nearly three decades. Born on 28 January 1899, at Madikeri, Kodagu, Cariappa joined the British Indian Army soon after the end of World War I and was appointed as a temporary lieutenant to the 2/88th Carnatic Infantry. He was transferred between many regiments early in his career before settling in the 1/7th Rajputs, which became his permanent regiment.
He was the first Indian army officer to study at the Staff College, Quetta and the first Indian to command a battalion. He was also one of the first two Indians selected for training at the Royal Defense College in Camberley. He has served in various staff positions at various units and headquarters (HQ) as well as at the Joint Headquarters, New Delhi. Before assuming the post of C-in-C of the Indian Army, Cariappa served as commander of the Indian Army’s Eastern and Western Commands.
After the start of World War II, Cariappa was appointed brigade major for the 20th Indian Brigade stationed at Derajat. He was then posted as DAQMG of the 10th Indian Division stationed in Iraq. He was mentioned in Despatches as DAA and general of General (later Field Marshal) William Slim’s 10th Division. He served in Iraq, Iran, and Syria from 1941–1942 and then in Burma from 1943–1944. Returning to India in March 1942, he was appointed second-in-command of the newly raised 7th Rajput Machine Gun Battalion at Fatehgarh. On 15 April 1942, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and appointed commanding officer of the same battalion, being promoted to temporary lieutenant colonel on 15 July. With this appointment, he became first Indian to command a battalion in the Indian Army.
After independence
After independence, Cariappa was appointed deputy chief of general staff. He launched three further offensive operations Kipper, Easy and Bison—to capture the Naushera, Jhangar, Poonch, Zoji La, Dras and Kargil areas. Plans were eventually laid to expel Pakistani forces from Kashmir, but they were prevented by US intervention. On July 6, 1948, the Army Command issued strict instructions against conducting any major operations without authorization. Cariappa opposed this, saying the policy would threaten Leh, Kargil, and eventually the Kashmir Valley, which would put the country’s security at risk.
prize
|
General Service Medal 1947 |
Indian Independence Medal |
Order of the British Empire |
Star 1939-1945 |
|
Burmese Star |
War Medal 1939-1945 |
Indian Service Medal |
Legion of Merit (Captain) |
Rating date
|
Places |
Ingredient |
Rating date |
|
Lieutenant |
British Indian Army |
December 1, 1919 (provisional) July 17, 1920 (actually) |
|
sublieutenant |
British Indian Army |
December 1, 1920 (provisional) July 17, 1921 (actually) |
|
Captain |
British Indian Army |
July 17, 1927 |
|
Huge |
British Indian Army |
July 17, 1938 |
|
Lieutenant Colonel |
British Indian Army |
July 1942 (acting) July 15, 1942 (provisional) July 17, 1946 (actually) |
|
Colonel |
British Indian Army |
1 November 1944 (right) May 1, 1945 (provisional) |
|
brigadier general |
British Indian Army |
1 November 1944 (right) May 1, 1945 (provisional) |
|
Brigadier |
British Indian Army |
July 30, 1947 |
|
Brigadier |
Indian Army |
August 15, 1947 |
|
Lieutenant-General |
Indian Army |
November 21, 1947 (right) |
|
General(C-in-C, IA) |
Indian Army |
January 15, 1949 (right) |
|
General(C-in-C, IA) |
Indian Army |
26 January 1950 (reactivated and changed insignia) |
|
Marshal |
Indian Army |
January 15, 1986 |
Personal life
Cariappa was married in March 1937, at Secunderabad, to Muthu Machia, the daughter of a forest officer. Although their married life was initially happy, later, due to an age gap of nearly 17 years, ideological differences, and Cariappa’s professional commitments, their marriage fell apart. In September 1945, the couple separated without a formal divorce. Three years later Muthu died in an accident.
Cariappa and Muthu have a son and a daughter. Their son, KC Cariappa, was born on 4 January 1938, and their daughter Nalini on 23 February 1948. Their son, named “Nanda”, joined the Indian Air Force and promoted to Air Marshal.
According to biographer Vijay Singh, his son Nanda was shot down in Pakistan during the 1965 conflict. He was taken as a prisoner of war (POW) and detained. When Radio Pakistan recognized the injured soldier from Kargil, they immediately announced that the younger Cariappa had been captured. General Ayub Khan personally contacted General Cariappa, who had retired and lived in his hometown of Mercara, to request assurances of his son’s safety. Cariappa is said to have laughingly asked Ayub Khan to release his son immediately and instructed him to treat his son no differently than any other prisoner of war. Singh added: “He is no longer my son. He is a son of this country, a soldier who fought for his motherland like a true patriot. Thank you very much for your kind gesture.” you, but I ask you to release everyone or none. Please let him get no special treatment.”
How did Marshal Cariappa die?
Cariappa’s alliance with the Indian Army lasted about three decades, during which time he gained extensive experience in staff and command. After retiring in 1953, he served as India’s high commissioner to Australia and New Zealand until 1956. With a view towards the welfare of ex-servicemen, Cariappa founded the Indian Ex-Servicemen’s Federation (IESL) in 1964. He was also instrumental in establishing the General Department of Resettlement (later the General Department of Resettlement), a joint military organization under the Department of Veterans’ Welfare, Ministry of National Defense, specializes in solving various issues surrounding the resettlement of retired military personnel, especially young retirees.
Cariappa’s health began to deteriorate in 1991; he suffered from arthritis and heart problems. He died in his sleep on May 15, 1993, at Bangalore Command Hospital, where he had been treated for several years. His remains were cremated in Madikeri two days later. The cremation ceremony was attended by the three army chiefs along with Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw. Cariappa’s son, Nanda, lit the pyre while the Honor Guard reversed the weapons.
In recognition of his commendable service to the country, the Government of India conferred the rank of field marshal on Cariappa on 28 April 1986, at a special investiture ceremony held at Rashtrapati Bhavan, The official headquarters of the president. India.
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Categories: Optical Illusion
Source: pagasa.edu.vn